21 research outputs found
Introduction to the special issue
This is the introduction to a selection of papers presented at the international conference Thirty Five Years of English Studies in Osijek (35YESO) held from 18-19 October 2012 in order to mark the 35th anniversary of English studies at the University of Osijek
THE SCHEMATISATION PROCESS OF ENGLISH LIGHT VERBS
U radu se predstavlja korpusno-kognitivno istraživanje temeljnih odrednica u procesu
shematizacije tzv. laganih (light) glagola u analitičkim glagolsko-imenskim
konstrukcijama u suvremenom engleskom jeziku. U povijesnom se osvrtu na dijakronijsku
motivaciju početaka shematizacije glagola have, give, take i make upućuje na rano prepoznavanje njihova tvorbenog potencijala koji je utemeljen na istodobnim
procesima (super)shematizacije i metaforičkog elaboriranja. Predstavljeni
su mrežni modeli (prema Langacker 1991b) tih glagola kojima se pokušava
predstaviti kompleksno sučelje koje je omoguilo tvorbu konstrukcijske sheme
koja je istodobno i vrlo produktivna i visoko frekventna pojava u korpusu engleskog
jezika.The paper presents a corpus-cognitive study of basic elements in the schematisation process
of the so called light verbs in the analytic verbo-nominal constructions in the contemporary
English language. The historical overview offers a diachronic motivation for the initial schematisation
processes of the verbs have, give, take and make and reveals an early recognition
of their productive potential based on the simultaneous processes of (super)schematisation
and metaphoric elaboration. Network models (cf. Langacker 1991) of the verbs are presented
in order to elaborate on the complex interface facilitating a constructional schema which is at
the same time highly productive and very frequent in the corpus of the English language
Construing reality: Aktionsart in the light of the Cognitive Grammar theory
Na temelju engleskih konstrukcija s tzv. 'light' glagolima have, take, give i make proučit
ćemo kognitivnu utemeljenost pojma glagolskog načina kao jezičnog koncepta koji u sebi
sublimira naizgled oprečne elemente sintakse i semantike. Pojam (ne)omeđenosti područja
koje se profilira pri procesu nominalizacije glagolskog elementa koji služi kao argument
'light' glagolima temeljni je dokaz o dubokoj konceptualnoj motiviranosti visokoga tvorbenog
potencijala ovih perifrastičnih konstrukcija.English constructions with so called light verbs have, take, give and make should serve as a basis for establishing Aktionsart as a cognitively and linguistically validated concept which under its name merges seemingly oposing elements of syntax and semantics. The concept of boundedness/ unboundedness of the region profiled in the process of nominalisation leading to the creation of the light verbs argument should substantiate conceptually deeply rooted formational potential of these periphrastic constructions
Construing reality: Aktionsart in the light of the Cognitive Grammar theory
Na temelju engleskih konstrukcija s tzv. 'light' glagolima have, take, give i make proučit
ćemo kognitivnu utemeljenost pojma glagolskog načina kao jezičnog koncepta koji u sebi
sublimira naizgled oprečne elemente sintakse i semantike. Pojam (ne)omeđenosti područja
koje se profilira pri procesu nominalizacije glagolskog elementa koji služi kao argument
'light' glagolima temeljni je dokaz o dubokoj konceptualnoj motiviranosti visokoga tvorbenog
potencijala ovih perifrastičnih konstrukcija.English constructions with so called light verbs have, take, give and make should serve as a basis for establishing Aktionsart as a cognitively and linguistically validated concept which under its name merges seemingly oposing elements of syntax and semantics. The concept of boundedness/ unboundedness of the region profiled in the process of nominalisation leading to the creation of the light verbs argument should substantiate conceptually deeply rooted formational potential of these periphrastic constructions
Konstruiranje stvarnosti: glagolski način u svjetlu teorije kognitivne gramatike
Na temelju engleskih konstrukcija s tzv. \u27light\u27 glagolima have, take, give i make proučit
ćemo kognitivnu utemeljenost pojma glagolskog načina kao jezičnog koncepta koji u sebi
sublimira naizgled oprečne elemente sintakse i semantike. Pojam (ne)omeđenosti područja
koje se profilira pri procesu nominalizacije glagolskog elementa koji služi kao argument
\u27light\u27 glagolima temeljni je dokaz o dubokoj konceptualnoj motiviranosti visokoga tvorbenog
potencijala ovih perifrastičnih konstrukcija
English and Croatian citation practices in research articles in applied linguistics: a corpus-based study
As a mandatory constituent of academic writing, citation allows writers to acknowledge other scholarsʼ work and to position their research against it, showing thus both contribution to previous knowledge and research novelty (Hyland 2004). Previous research has documented not only cross-disciplinary (Hyland 2004) but also cross-cultural variations, with a general tendency of Anglo-American writers to use more citations than writers of some other cultural backgrounds (Hyland 2005; Mur Dueñas 2009). By exploring the frequency, preferred types, and reporting structures of citations in two comparable sub-corpora of research articles in applied linguistics in English and Croatian, the present study aimed to provide an insight into the patterns of cross-cultural similarities and differences in the use of academic citation. The corpus comprised 32 research articles that were sampled from the representative English- and Croatian-medium publications in applied linguistics and analyzed manually. The extracted instances of citations were categorized according to the pre-established taxonomies of the citation types (Swales, 1990) and reporting structures in academic writing (Thomson & Tribble 2001). The frequency analysis showed that the English writers used more citations as opposed to the Croatian writers, which is in line with previous cross-cultural research on the use of citations (Fløttum, Dahl & Kinn 2006; Mur Dueñas 2009). In both sub-corpora writers used more non-integral than integral citations, with the highest frequencies reported in the Introduction section of research articles. The overall findings point to the saliency of the congruent types of reporting structures in both citation formats across the two sub-corpora, with the human subjects being most frequently used in integral citations and non-reporting being the most frequent reporting structure in non-integral citations. However, in non-integral citations English writers used non-human subjects at a significantly higher frequency than Croatian writers, which suggests that in the English citations investigated more importance is placed on research activities than human agents. Whereas similarities in the use of citations between English and Croatian writers may be accounted for by the congruent disciplinary variable, the differences seem to be related to the specifics of a wider socio-cultural background in which academic writing is embedded
Konstrukcijsko značenje glagolsko–imeničkih konstrukcija u engleskome i hrvatskome
The research of the use of complex lexical and syntactic structures in English which contain
the so–called light verbs such as have, take, give and make and deverbal nouns has
shown some evidence of a network of meanings. This network is a result of combining
the syntactic functions of intransitive verbs into a prototypical transitive construction by
introducing the conceptual metaphor EVENTS ARE THINGS (look v. → (take) a look n.) and
the process of schematization of light verbs.
This process of the so–called predicate decomposition has been recorded in Croatian,
too, as well as in many other languages. There is, however, an obvious detachment from
the prototypical English structure, which points at the usage based value of Croatian
constructions. It is derived from their contextually determined pragmatic meaning, which
is particularly evident in functional styles such as administrative and journalese.
Our approach to studying this type of constructions is based on the model of constructional
meaning which proposes that the grammatical organization of language systematized
by specific construction types forms a continuum of causal links. In that model the
constructions are studied within a specific ecological niche (Taylor 2004) in which there is
a mutual interaction of several construction types. They are the product of specific characteristics
of the lexicon and the language typology. The stress is put on the usage–based
model of language (Barlow and Kemmer 2000) which serves as a framework to compare
the usage value of verbo–nominal constructions in the two languages. The principal goal
of the study is to stress their constructional meaning at the expense of flouting the traditional
division of syntactic and pragmatic meaning.Istraživanjem uporabe složenih leksičko–sintaktičkih struktura u engleskom jeziku koje u
svom sastavu imaju tzv. lagane (engl. light) glagole kao što su have, take, give ili make uz
imenice nastale procesom preobrazbe iz glagola, dolazimo do spoznaja o isprepletanju značenja
koje proizlazi iz preobrazbe sintaktičkih funkcija neizravnih glagola u prototipne prijelazne
konstrukcije uvođenjem konceptualne metafore DOGAĐAJI SU STVARI (look gl. → take a look im.) i
procesom shematizacije laganih glagola (Gradečak–Erdeljić, 2009b).
Ovaj je postupak dekompozicije predikata (Pranjković, 2001) uočen i u hrvatskome (pojava
tzv. perifraznih glagola, Pranjković i Silić, 2005). Kao najočitiji se odmak od prototipne engleske
strukture međutim može opaziti upravo uporabna vrijednost ovih konstrukcija u hrvatskom
jeziku gdje je vidljivo kako je pragmatičko značenje kontekstualno uvjetovano i mnogo je uočljivije
u određenim funkcionalnim stilovima kao što su administrativni i novinarski stil.
Horizontalnom kontrastnom analizom engleskih i hrvatskih primjera uspostavili smo temeljne
strukturalne relacije između konstrukcijskih jedinica, a vertikalnom smo analizom utvrdili
postojanje prototipne konstrukcijske sheme u oba jezika. Naš se pristup proučavanju ovog tipa
konstrukcija temeljio na modelu konstrukcijskog značenja jezičnih struktura u kojima gramatička
organizacija jezika, usustavljena određenim tipovima konstrukcija tvori kontinuum međusobno
povezanih uzročno–posljedičnih veza. U ovome modelu konstrukcije se promatraju unutar
određene ekološke niše (Taylor 2004) u kojoj dolazi do međusobne interakcije različitih vrsta
konstrukcija, a koje pak izviru iz određenih osobina leksikona i tipoloških značajki nekog jezika.
Pri tome se naglasak stavlja na uporabni model jezika (Barlow i Kemmer 2000) u okviru kojega
ćemo usporediti uporabnu vrijednost glagolsko–imeničkih konstrukcija u ova tri jezika s ciljem
isticanja njihova konstrukcijskog značenja, a nauštrb tradicionalno odvojenoga sintaktičkog ili
pragmatičkog značenja